Transcriptomic analyses of intestinal gene expression of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) fed diets with Camelina oil as replacement for fish oil – S.Morais, R.B. Edvardsen, D.R. Tocher, and J.G. Bell – Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology – 2011

Summary: For aquaculture of marine species to continue to expand, dietary fish oil must be replaced with more sustainable vegetable oil alternatives. Most vegetable oils are rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and few are rich in n-3 PUFA but Camelina oil is unique in that, besides high 18:3n-3 and n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio, it also contains substantial long-chain monoenes, commonly found in fish oil. Cod were fed for 12 weeks diets in which FO was replaced with CO. Growth performance, feed efficiency and biometric indices were not affected but lipid levels in liver and intestine tended to increase and those of flesh, decrease, with increasing dietary CO although only significantly for intestine. Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22198123